{"id":2024,"date":"2023-02-09T17:04:39","date_gmt":"2023-02-09T16:04:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/?p=2024"},"modified":"2023-02-09T17:04:39","modified_gmt":"2023-02-09T16:04:39","slug":"technical-defects-of-an-aircraft-federal-supreme-court-of-justice-bgh-decides-in-favour-of-airline","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/en\/technical-defects-of-an-aircraft-federal-supreme-court-of-justice-bgh-decides-in-favour-of-airline\/","title":{"rendered":"Technical defects of an aircraft: Federal Supreme Court of Justice (BGH) decides in favour of airline where an unforeseen event is affecting almost 50 % of the fleet leading to cancellations of flights."},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-k0maauhv-722d794a503aa9e6eb7a4cdae65264d0 alternate_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-2024'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-k0macqdy-22b5bde472144ce07ad1bd648fc1f15e sc-av_one_full av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-k0macqdy-22b5bde472144ce07ad1bd648fc1f15e\">\n.flex_column.av-k0macqdy-22b5bde472144ce07ad1bd648fc1f15e{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-k0macqdy-22b5bde472144ce07ad1bd648fc1f15e av_one_full  avia-builder-el-1  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-bottom av-animated-generic fade-in av-zero-column-padding '     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-akjvjb-8cf54157fdaed6af9f110ba0b2977a4c'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><b>Aviation Law<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kwc3w1d3-19c924d6ab0c55c2bc8d19400b377af3\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-kwc3w1d3-19c924d6ab0c55c2bc8d19400b377af3{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-kwc3w1d3-19c924d6ab0c55c2bc8d19400b377af3 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-kwc3w1d3-19c924d6ab0c55c2bc8d19400b377af3 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-kwc3w1d3-19c924d6ab0c55c2bc8d19400b377af3 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  av-linked-heading'><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Technical defects of an aircraft: Federal Supreme Court of Justice (BGH) decides in favour of airline where an unforeseen event is affecting almost 50 % of the fleet leading to cancellations of flights.<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_2'  class='avia-section av-1trcuv-ebc1ccef8da3744187d350f1b5df0597 main_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-2024'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-dhmgdj-0d223fc6d5835d8321527e1f634715f3\">\n.flex_column.av-dhmgdj-0d223fc6d5835d8321527e1f634715f3{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-dhmgdj-0d223fc6d5835d8321527e1f634715f3 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-5  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.av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-kl15mkxp-834df8900b957ced05295d145573165d av-styling-no-styling avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-7  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2021 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2021 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/rsz_joshua-sukoff-8oolj_-bjty-unsplash2x1.jpg\" alt='' title='rsz_joshua-sukoff-8oolj_-bjty-unsplash2x1'  height=\"450\" width=\"900\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/rsz_joshua-sukoff-8oolj_-bjty-unsplash2x1.jpg 900w, https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/rsz_joshua-sukoff-8oolj_-bjty-unsplash2x1-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/rsz_joshua-sukoff-8oolj_-bjty-unsplash2x1-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/rsz_joshua-sukoff-8oolj_-bjty-unsplash2x1-360x180.jpg 360w, https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/rsz_joshua-sukoff-8oolj_-bjty-unsplash2x1-705x353.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-dhmgdj-10-6258e01dfdff79e8dd1b5b46f1a641a5\">\n.flex_column.av-dhmgdj-10-6258e01dfdff79e8dd1b5b46f1a641a5{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-dhmgdj-10-6258e01dfdff79e8dd1b5b46f1a641a5 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding '     ><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-dhmgdj-9-27e0ec82a738421997b1632cd35b3567\">\n.flex_column.av-dhmgdj-9-27e0ec82a738421997b1632cd35b3567{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-dhmgdj-9-27e0ec82a738421997b1632cd35b3567 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-c66f6f-a2fdf59e8bd97eb8c5f963f91b9389a2\">\n.flex_column.av-c66f6f-a2fdf59e8bd97eb8c5f963f91b9389a2{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-c66f6f-a2fdf59e8bd97eb8c5f963f91b9389a2 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-akjvjb-12-8cb5ce5680c3860ef7e0a7101a1a5450'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>January 16th, 2022<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-akjvjb-8-de6a06891bb77fc1b9f222c6970e2137\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-akjvjb-8-de6a06891bb77fc1b9f222c6970e2137 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:24px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-akjvjb-8-de6a06891bb77fc1b9f222c6970e2137'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><span class=\"s4\">Such an event affecting about half of all existing aircrafts and therefore a significant proportion of the fleet cannot be regarded as part of normal operation of an airline. Where a technical defect of one aircraft gives rise to an investigation of all aircrafts of that type, these aircrafts have to be inspected immediately. The operating air carrier cannot, in principle, be expected to wait and accept any risks for the safety of passengers in order to avoid delays and cancellations.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-akjvjb-7-fc701bd38ce8f7cece95b0d562520b44'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>In this case a well known German claim management company claimed on behalf of passengers for compensation under Art. 7 subs. 1 lit a) and Art. 5 subs. 1 lit c) Reg (EC) 261\/2004. These passengers booked a flight from Cape Town via Zurich to Stuttgart on 15 October 2019. The defendant was the operating carrier for the leg Zurich to Stuttgart. This flight was cancelled and pax arrived in Stuttgart with an alternative flight and a delay of 8 hours. The reason for the cancellation was the grounding of 28 aircrafts of the airline\u2019s Airbus A220 fleet due to technical problems with the engines. The background to this was an instruction issued by the US Federal Aviation Authority on 26 September 2019 to carry out inspections on aircrafts of this type after a certain number of flight cycles and \u2013 in addition &#8211; an engine failure of one aircraft on 15 October 2019. The airline acted immediately and grounded all of its affected aircrafts for short and medium range flights for an unscheduled inspection. This was about half of the entire fleet. The senate of the court reiterated that technical defects that typically occur during operation of an aircraft do not qualify as extraordinary circumstances. However, where a technical defect leads to the fact that the operation of one or several airlines comes to a complete or partial halt, this cannot be regarded as a normal exercise of an airline\u2019s operation (see BGH Judgment 4 June 2019, file no X ZR 22\/18; BGH Judgement 15 January 2019, file no X ZR 15\/18). This does also apply in this special case where half of the fleet was grounded due to an unscheduled inspection. The court held that this situation typically leads to major disruptions for an airline. It is irrelevant if this type of disruption is caused by a manufacturing defect based on specific construction material or by a software update. In both categories the airline has to deal with technical defects leading to major disruption of operation which is outside the normal course of business. Due to the fact that on the day of the flight in question an engine failure was detected at an aircraft of the same type, the defendant had sufficient reasons to exercise its discretion to the extend as to ground the affected aircrafts immediately in order to prevent any risk for other passengers flying with these type of aircrafts. The court very clearly points out that defendant was not obliged to wait with the inspections of single aircrafts to avoid delays or cancellation and to accept risks for the safety of passengers.<\/p>\n<p>With respect to reasonable measures to prevent the late arrival of pax, it was clear for the court that with the rebooking of pax on a flight to Stuttgart on the next day the airline complied with the rules of Reg. (EC) 261\/2004 and the interpretation of the ECJ. A re-routing of passengers on the same day was not possible due to the curfew at Stuttgart airport. Interesting enough the court does not consider any alternative modes of transport \u2013 such as a train connection. It does not even mention this aspect.<\/p>\n<p>And finally the BGH does not see any reason to submit this case to the ECJ. In view of the judges the question if a technical defect is due to an event that is part of normal operation of the airline has to be decided by the national courts. It is a factual question of the individual case and not a question on the interpretation of Reg. (EC) 261\/2004.<\/p>\n<p>This is a very clear statement of the BGH: safety of passengers comes first even if this leads to delays and cancellations. This is a clear priority and it might be added that this is the red line when it comes to compensation claims for delays and cancellations.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-78sj7b-5981ae9f9ed2ce3ea05800ac98725130\">\n.flex_column.av-78sj7b-5981ae9f9ed2ce3ea05800ac98725130{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-78sj7b-5981ae9f9ed2ce3ea05800ac98725130 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-9ta813-a13773d2aa4a207de6e8e138ad612cd0\">\n.flex_column.av-9ta813-a13773d2aa4a207de6e8e138ad612cd0{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-9ta813-a13773d2aa4a207de6e8e138ad612cd0 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-15  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-78sj7b-5-e079e67bc3807836721a37f5064c329e\">\n.flex_column.av-78sj7b-5-e079e67bc3807836721a37f5064c329e{\nborder-width:1px;\nborder-color:#999999;\nborder-style:solid;\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-78sj7b-5-e079e67bc3807836721a37f5064c329e av_one_half  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-akjvjb-6-751cb8fe0139631922c102da6f56f046\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-akjvjb-6-751cb8fe0139631922c102da6f56f046 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:14px;\ncolor:#999999;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-akjvjb-6-751cb8fe0139631922c102da6f56f046'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5>Sources<\/h5>\n<p>Supreme Court of Justice, 10.11.2022, file X ZR 117\/21<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-78sj7b-4-953629a82b7a9372aba025eb3d030a79\">\n.flex_column.av-78sj7b-4-953629a82b7a9372aba025eb3d030a79{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-78sj7b-4-953629a82b7a9372aba025eb3d030a79 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_3'  class='avia-section av-k0maauhv-13-9487a2d4cd68638d6ae48b95e09dc666 alternate_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-19  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-last  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-2024'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-78sj7b-2-53cab8b7a298fd141078602e1d911316\">\n.flex_column.av-78sj7b-2-53cab8b7a298fd141078602e1d911316{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-78sj7b-2-53cab8b7a298fd141078602e1d911316 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-20  el_before_av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-akjvjb-3-2d686bca2983d46c45d0819bf2feee4e\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-akjvjb-3-2d686bca2983d46c45d0819bf2feee4e .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:24px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-akjvjb-3-2d686bca2983d46c45d0819bf2feee4e'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">How can we assist you?<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-78sj7b-1-9c5da18ba8d06d9a01a4ea93b3184ea4\">\n.flex_column.av-78sj7b-1-9c5da18ba8d06d9a01a4ea93b3184ea4{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-78sj7b-1-9c5da18ba8d06d9a01a4ea93b3184ea4 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-22  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-6khu07-f717ddc046eef236834079e21720ef46\">\n.flex_column.av-6khu07-f717ddc046eef236834079e21720ef46{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-6khu07-f717ddc046eef236834079e21720ef46 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-23  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><div class=\"single-contact no-link avia-builder-el-24  avia-builder-el-no-sibling \"><div class=\"single-contact-inner\"><p>Contact<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/stenger-rechtsanwaelte-dr-wiebke-seyffert-250x320.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-879 avia-img-lazy-loading-879 attachment-lawyer-thumbnail size-lawyer-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p><p><strong>Dr. Wiebke Seyffert<\/strong><\/p><p><a href=\"tel:+49 (40) 36 09 86 0\">T: +49 (40) 36 09 86 0<\/a><br><a href=\"mailto:wseyffert@stenger.legal\">M: wseyffert@stenger.legal<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-25a3ev-1a17c42911c13ecd4b0829311f17473b\">\n.flex_column.av-25a3ev-1a17c42911c13ecd4b0829311f17473b{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-25a3ev-1a17c42911c13ecd4b0829311f17473b av_one_fourth  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