{"id":2549,"date":"2024-08-09T13:46:05","date_gmt":"2024-08-09T11:46:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/?p=2549"},"modified":"2024-08-09T13:46:05","modified_gmt":"2024-08-09T11:46:05","slug":"passenger-litigation-are-ecj-decisions-always-detrimental-to-airlines-a-new-angle-on-the-involvement-of-otas-single-booking-and-the-ecjs-american-airline-decision","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/en\/passenger-litigation-are-ecj-decisions-always-detrimental-to-airlines-a-new-angle-on-the-involvement-of-otas-single-booking-and-the-ecjs-american-airline-decision\/","title":{"rendered":"Passenger Litigation: Are ECJ decisions always detrimental to airlines? A new angle on the involvement of OTAs, single booking and the ECJ\u2019s American Airline decision"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-k0maauhv-722d794a503aa9e6eb7a4cdae65264d0 alternate_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-2549'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-k0macqdy-22b5bde472144ce07ad1bd648fc1f15e sc-av_one_full av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-k0macqdy-22b5bde472144ce07ad1bd648fc1f15e\">\n.flex_column.av-k0macqdy-22b5bde472144ce07ad1bd648fc1f15e{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-k0macqdy-22b5bde472144ce07ad1bd648fc1f15e av_one_full  avia-builder-el-1  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-bottom av-animated-generic fade-in av-zero-column-padding '     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-akjvjb-8cf54157fdaed6af9f110ba0b2977a4c'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><b>Aviation Law<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kwc3w1d3-bd29ba195bcb31babeec966c831a3f7b\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-kwc3w1d3-bd29ba195bcb31babeec966c831a3f7b{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-kwc3w1d3-bd29ba195bcb31babeec966c831a3f7b .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-kwc3w1d3-bd29ba195bcb31babeec966c831a3f7b .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-kwc3w1d3-bd29ba195bcb31babeec966c831a3f7b av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  av-linked-heading'><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Passenger Litigation: Are ECJ decisions always detrimental to airlines? A new angle on the involvement of OTAs, single booking and the ECJ\u2019s American Airline decision<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 --><\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_2'  class='avia-section av-1trcuv-ebc1ccef8da3744187d350f1b5df0597 main_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-2549'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-dhmgdj-0d223fc6d5835d8321527e1f634715f3\">\n.flex_column.av-dhmgdj-0d223fc6d5835d8321527e1f634715f3{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-dhmgdj-0d223fc6d5835d8321527e1f634715f3 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-5  el_before_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding '     ><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-dhmgdj-11-61684b1cdc0c124fa7f1b596a382b0d8\">\n.flex_column.av-dhmgdj-11-61684b1cdc0c124fa7f1b596a382b0d8{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-dhmgdj-11-61684b1cdc0c124fa7f1b596a382b0d8 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kl15mkxp-286ce55c06b70f783d0eebfd40c7f966\">\n.avia-image-container.av-kl15mkxp-286ce55c06b70f783d0eebfd40c7f966 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-kl15mkxp-286ce55c06b70f783d0eebfd40c7f966 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-kl15mkxp-286ce55c06b70f783d0eebfd40c7f966 av-styling-no-styling avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-7  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2545 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2545 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/rsz_900x450_jng_ota_single_booking_newsletter.jpg\" alt='' title='rsz_900x450_jng_ota_single_booking_newsletter'  height=\"450\" width=\"900\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/rsz_900x450_jng_ota_single_booking_newsletter.jpg 900w, https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/rsz_900x450_jng_ota_single_booking_newsletter-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/rsz_900x450_jng_ota_single_booking_newsletter-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/rsz_900x450_jng_ota_single_booking_newsletter-360x180.jpg 360w, https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/rsz_900x450_jng_ota_single_booking_newsletter-705x353.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-dhmgdj-10-6258e01dfdff79e8dd1b5b46f1a641a5\">\n.flex_column.av-dhmgdj-10-6258e01dfdff79e8dd1b5b46f1a641a5{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-dhmgdj-10-6258e01dfdff79e8dd1b5b46f1a641a5 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding '     ><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-dhmgdj-9-27e0ec82a738421997b1632cd35b3567\">\n.flex_column.av-dhmgdj-9-27e0ec82a738421997b1632cd35b3567{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-dhmgdj-9-27e0ec82a738421997b1632cd35b3567 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-c66f6f-a2fdf59e8bd97eb8c5f963f91b9389a2\">\n.flex_column.av-c66f6f-a2fdf59e8bd97eb8c5f963f91b9389a2{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-c66f6f-a2fdf59e8bd97eb8c5f963f91b9389a2 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-akjvjb-12-8cb5ce5680c3860ef7e0a7101a1a5450'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>August 9th, 2024<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-akjvjb-7-fc701bd38ce8f7cece95b0d562520b44'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>It is daily practice for so-called Online Travel Agencies (hereinafter: OTAs) to combine flights of different airlines and sell them to passengers. Passengers are made to believe that they are traveling on a connected journey, also by paying a total price to the OTAs. In fact, OTAs combine connections and routes that do not exist as connecting or transfer connections. In this way, they create offers that are not available on the market from the respective airlines. The question is whether this constitutes a single booking &#8211; a term which, according to the case law of the ECJ, can lead to passengers being granted a single compensation claim against one of the airlines involved. However, the passenger can also book these flights with the various airlines themselves, whereby nobody would think of this as a single booking. Rather, it would be obvious that these are separate bookings with different airlines.<\/p>\n<p>The ECJ &#8211; on the basis of the definitions of the terms \u201cfinal destination\u201d in Art. 2 lit. h) and \u201creservation\u201d in Art. 2 lit. g) of Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004 &#8211; adopts the passenger&#8217;s perspective by stating that direct connecting flights exist if they were the subject of a single booking. In case C-436\/21 of October 6, 2022, decided by the ECJ, a travel agency had issued the passenger with a single electronic ticket for three consecutive flights, whereby this ticket only identified a single service provider and indicated a single \u201cFilekey\u201d as the booking number, which referred to the entire journey. In addition, a total price was charged. These factors led the ECJ to assume a single booking.<\/p>\n<p>This single booking can have various effects: The combination of several routes from different airlines increases the distance relevant for calculating the amount of compensation according to the great circle calculator method. As a result, an airline must pay compensation for a route on which it did not carry the passengers. In doing so, the airline assumes liability for a situation that it did not create itself, thereby effectively and involuntarily relieving the competitor of its liability. Furthermore, the airline may have a passive legitimacy in legal proceedings, as the final destination on which jurisdiction is based is now a destination to which the airline does not fly.<\/p>\n<p>In court practice, the American Airlines decision is often disregarded on the basis of a strict consumer perspective, by overlooking the details of the ECJ&#8217;s decision. If the passenger has a \u201creceipt\u201d from an OTA on which the individual flights are shown at a total price, the courts do not take into account the fact that this \u201creceipt\u201d does not constitute a booking or a ticket within the meaning of Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004. Nevertheless, the courts assume a \u201csingle booking\u201d in the literal sense. In the rarest of cases, they thoroughly examine the requirements of Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004. A booking within the meaning of Art. 2 lit. g) of Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004 requires that the ticket or other proof was issued by the air carrier or the tour operator. This is not the case in the OTA cases, as the OTAs are not tour operators within the meaning of Art. 2 lit. d) of Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004. Furthermore, the ticket issued by the OTA does not generally constitute a ticket within the meaning of Art. 2 lit. f) of Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004, as this in turn must have been issued by the air carrier or its authorized agent. However, the OTA is rarely authorized by the respective airline and acts as an agent for it.<\/p>\n<p>However, it is precisely these subtleties that matter. They are also reflected in the ECJ&#8217;s American Airlines decision. The ECJ states that the ticket only contained a single booking number, which the ECJ refers to as a \u201cFilekey\u201d, and a single service provider (= airline). Apparently unaware of the term \u201cFilekey\u201d, the lower courts often ignore its definition and argue that the OTA issues a single transaction number, which satisfies the requirements of case law. However, this overlooks the fact that this transaction number is an internal reference of the OTA, which is not a booking number that enables the airline to allocate it to a specific booking. \u201cFilekey\u201d is a synonym for PNR which stands for \u2018Passenger Name Record\u2019. It is therefore the airline&#8217;s transaction number, i.e. the familiar six-digit booking number. In the case of OTA-related matters, the document issued by the OTA shows the respective flights, and also contains the respective booking numbers of these flights. In addition, the OTA also provides its own transaction number, which is not a 6-digit PNR. In its decision of June 20, 2023 (case reference: X ZR 84\/22), the Federal Court of Justice (BGH) also differentiated between the PNR on the one hand and the OTA&#8217;s transaction number on the other and noted that the presence of different PNR codes on the receipt issued by the OTA would argue against a single booking.<\/p>\n<p>The total price shown on the receipt issued by OTA does not change this assessment. It is true that this circumstance is addressed in the American Airlines decision. Initially, however, this was only one aspect of a total of three aspects that the ECJ found in the actual examination of whether a ticket with a single booking existed. However, the question arises as to whether there was only this one total price or whether the respective individual prices of the receptive flights were also shown. The decision does not contain any findings in this regard. However, this is the case at least for the usual OTA issues. Although the OTAs also show a total price in their receipts, this total price is nothing more than an arithmetic result to which the individual flight prices were added. Of course, the passenger is supposed to make a (uniform) payment to the OTA.<\/p>\n<p>If you take a closer look at the American Airlines decision, you get the impression that a classic travel agency was involved here and not a typical OTA situation in which an OTA combines flights on its own without the knowledge of the respective airlines. If the specific facts of the case are applied consistently and these details are brought to the attention of the respective national courts, the American Airlines decision should have lost its alarming nature and actually lead to an appropriate solution.<\/p>\n<p>However, it is up to the airlines to present these facts to the court in a comprehensive and timely manner. It may also be helpful to show that the OTA arranged the specific flight without the airline&#8217;s knowledge. Even if the airline has general knowledge of how an OTA works, this does not mean that it also has knowledge of the specific travel planning for the respective passenger. There is also no indication in the airline&#8217;s system that the booking made by the OTA contains another &#8211; let alone which specific &#8211; flight. And even if an airline cooperates with an OTA as its authorized agent, this authorization does not usually include the right to combine its own offer with the offer of other airlines. Nor can it be assumed that the OTA is also an authorized agent of the other airline involved. Thus, the respective airline has a good reason to design its route and connection offerings in such a way that the \u201cconnection\u201d offered by the OTA does not exist.<\/p>\n<p>In summary, it should therefore be emphasized that with regard to the involvement of OTAs in the booking process, a high level of detail and knowledge of the facts is necessary in order to obtain appropriate results in court. If the airline is prepared to provide this level of detail in every case, it will be able to convince the court in this complex matter with its multi-layered aspects.<\/p>\n<p>On a positive note, a close reading of the American Airlines decision shows that the ECJ has not lacked this level of detail. If well-prepared proceedings and carefully selected facts are brought before the ECJ, its case law can contribute to the appropriate clarification of many questions. This can then be used as a basis to increase efficiency in the management of passenger claims.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-78sj7b-5981ae9f9ed2ce3ea05800ac98725130\">\n.flex_column.av-78sj7b-5981ae9f9ed2ce3ea05800ac98725130{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-78sj7b-5981ae9f9ed2ce3ea05800ac98725130 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-9ta813-a13773d2aa4a207de6e8e138ad612cd0\">\n.flex_column.av-9ta813-a13773d2aa4a207de6e8e138ad612cd0{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-9ta813-a13773d2aa4a207de6e8e138ad612cd0 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-78sj7b-5-e079e67bc3807836721a37f5064c329e\">\n.flex_column.av-78sj7b-5-e079e67bc3807836721a37f5064c329e{\nborder-width:1px;\nborder-color:#999999;\nborder-style:solid;\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-78sj7b-5-e079e67bc3807836721a37f5064c329e av_one_half  avia-builder-el-15  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-akjvjb-6-751cb8fe0139631922c102da6f56f046\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-akjvjb-6-751cb8fe0139631922c102da6f56f046 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:14px;\ncolor:#999999;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-akjvjb-6-751cb8fe0139631922c102da6f56f046'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5>Sources<\/h5>\n<p>European Court of Justice, 06.10.2022, file C 436\/21<\/p>\n<p>Federal Court of Justice, 20.06.2023, file X ZR 84\/22<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-78sj7b-4-953629a82b7a9372aba025eb3d030a79\">\n.flex_column.av-78sj7b-4-953629a82b7a9372aba025eb3d030a79{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-78sj7b-4-953629a82b7a9372aba025eb3d030a79 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-17  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_3'  class='avia-section av-k0maauhv-13-9487a2d4cd68638d6ae48b95e09dc666 alternate_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-last  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-2549'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-78sj7b-2-53cab8b7a298fd141078602e1d911316\">\n.flex_column.av-78sj7b-2-53cab8b7a298fd141078602e1d911316{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-78sj7b-2-53cab8b7a298fd141078602e1d911316 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-19  el_before_av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-akjvjb-3-56355c954a1f26993fe11781de15c8e4\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-akjvjb-3-56355c954a1f26993fe11781de15c8e4 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:24px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-akjvjb-3-56355c954a1f26993fe11781de15c8e4'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">We would be happy to advise you.<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-78sj7b-1-9c5da18ba8d06d9a01a4ea93b3184ea4\">\n.flex_column.av-78sj7b-1-9c5da18ba8d06d9a01a4ea93b3184ea4{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-78sj7b-1-9c5da18ba8d06d9a01a4ea93b3184ea4 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-21  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-6khu07-f717ddc046eef236834079e21720ef46\">\n.flex_column.av-6khu07-f717ddc046eef236834079e21720ef46{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-6khu07-f717ddc046eef236834079e21720ef46 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-22  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><div class=\"single-contact no-link avia-builder-el-23  avia-builder-el-no-sibling \"><div class=\"single-contact-inner\"><p>Contact<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/stenger-rechtsanwaelte-jana-natascha-garisch-04-250x320.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-880 avia-img-lazy-loading-880 attachment-lawyer-thumbnail size-lawyer-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p><p><strong>Jana-Natascha Garisch, LL.M.<\/strong><\/p><p><a href=\"tel:+49 (40) 36 09 86 0\">T: +49 (40) 36 09 86 0<\/a><br><a href=\"mailto:jngarisch@stenger.legal\">M: jngarisch@stenger.legal<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-25a3ev-1a17c42911c13ecd4b0829311f17473b\">\n.flex_column.av-25a3ev-1a17c42911c13ecd4b0829311f17473b{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-25a3ev-1a17c42911c13ecd4b0829311f17473b av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-24  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":2545,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[62],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2549","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aviation-law"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2549","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2549"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2549\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2555,"href":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2549\/revisions\/2555"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2545"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2549"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2549"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stenger.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2549"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}